ANOVA – Further Output

Display

You can select additional statistics and other output to be displayed following an Analysis of Variance. Depending on how the design was specified, some or all of the following options may be available:

AOV table	Analysis of variance table.
Information	Details of large residuals, non-orthogonality and any aliasing in the model.
Effects	Tables of estimated treatment parameters.
Means	Tables of means for treatment terms.
F-probability	F-probabilities for the analysis of variance table.
Residuals	Tables of estimated residuals.
%cv	Coefficients of variation and standard errors of individual units.
Missing values	Estimates of missing values.
Covariates	Estimates of covariate regression coefficients.
Assumption tests	Displays tests for homogeneity, normality and stability tests (not unbalanced treatment structure). See ACHECK procedure for details of the tests that are performed.
Stratum variances	Estimated variances of the units in each stratum.
Contrasts	Estimated contrasts of treatment effects.
Combined means	Means for treatment terms combining information from all the strata in which each term is estimated.
Combined effects	Estimated effects of treatment terms combining information from all the strata in which each term is estimated.
Summary of results	A summary of the analysis that gives just the significant treatment effects in a format that would be useful for a report. This uses the ARESULTSUMMARY procedure.
BLUPs for block effects	The best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) for block terms. These differ from the ordinary ANOVA residuals in that they are predictors rather than estimates of the block effects. The standard errors printed for these are controlled by the Differences, Means and All differences options in the Standard errors section. Note this will only be available for a balanced design with blocking. This uses the ABLUPS procedure.

Standard errors

When printing tables of means you can specify the form in which standard errors will be displayed: as standard errors of the means, standard errors of differences of means (SEDs), or least-significant differences (LSDs). If required, you can print more than one type of standard error. You can specify the significance level for LSDs as a percentage (default 5) in the accompanying field. Note that LSDs cannot be formed for tables combining information over several strata. The standard errors printed for the BLUPs for block effects can be controlled by the settings for differences, means and all differences

Graphics

Following an analysis of variance you can generate residual plots and plots of treatment means.

Power calculations

Lets you calculate the power for an Analysis of Variance.

Permutation test

Lets you perform random permutation tests for an Analysis of Variance. Random permutation tests provide an alternative to using the F-probabilities printed for variance ratios in an analysis of variance table in situations where the assumptions of the analysis are not satisfied.

Standardization method (Unbalanced design only)

Allows you to specify the method used to standardize the table of means. The Marginal option standardizes the table of means by weighting by the number of observations within each level of the factor(s). Equal standardizes by having equal weight for each of the levels of the factor(s). The Observed option uses the observed counts in each cell of the table for the weightings.

Factor combinations for means (Unbalanced design only)

For an unbalanced design the tables of means are calculated using the PREDICT directive. The first step (A) of the calculation forms the full table of predictions, classified by every factor in the model. The second step (B) averages the full table over the factors that do not occur in the table of means. This option specifies which cells of the full table are to be formed in Step A. The default setting, Estimable, fills in all the cells other than those that involve parameters that cannot be estimated, for example because of aliasing. Alternatively, the setting Present excludes the cells for factor combinations that do not occur in the data.

Multiple comparisons

This button will open the Multiple Comparisons dialog which lets you request output of multiple comparison tests and simultaneous confidence intervals.

This option is only available if the option Show multiple comparisons on menus has been enabled on the Tools | Options | Menus tab.

Equivalence test

This button will open the ANOVA Equivalence Test dialog which lets you perform equivalence, non-inferiority and non-superiority tests between a control group and the other groups in the selected treatment term.